This report examines the global policy context behind the child health crisis. In particular, it looks at the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) and the World Trade Organisation's drive to increase international trade in services such as water and health care. The analysis presented suggests that this is the wrong model to follow if countries wish to develop strong public health systems for all people
Family Health International's strategic framework for setting priorities and taking the necessary steps to develop responsive care and support programmes for orphans, children affected by AIDS and other vulnerable children. Describes projects in three countries responding to the needs of vulnerable children. Designed to assist national and local planners, implementers and donors in setting priorities
This report provides a comprehensive analysis of the ways in which the growing HIV/AIDS pandemic is affecting national and human security. It looks at the impact of sexually transmitted diseases on the military and other uniformed services, what is known about the incidence / prevalence of the problem, and where and why military personnel are most vulnerable. It also reviews what some of the main international agencies and NGOs are doing in this field and provides information on selected case studies
Includes 19 scientific background papers which review the published and grey literature on a variety of topics around reducing maternal mortality. They were commissioned by the European Commission to inform strategy and policy
This scoping study has attempted to identify and document how various agencies and institutions have approached the assessment of advocacy. It sets out a number of frameworks that look at similar issues from different perspectives and, instead of promoting one framework as the 'correct' one, allows the reader to pick and choose what elements are most useful to them. The work was limited in scale, and focused in particular upon the approaches of NGOs. The insights and ideas from this study will contribute to a three-year action research project to be undertaken by ActionAid and partners in Africa, Asia and Latin America.
This document discusses the lessons learned from 25 years of the World Health Organization's experience in information, education and communication (IEC). It provides information on the lessons learned from general health programmes and reproductive health programmes. The lessons reflect a retrospective view of what is now known about planning, implementing , monitoring and evaluating IEC interventions. The focus is on practical steps, what has worked, and special considerations to be taken when applying IEC to reproductive health initiatives
Report of the proceedings of a seminar looking at the response strategies of internally displaced people (IDPs). The seminar had four main purposes, to expand the humanitarian community's understanding of the response strategies of IDPs; to increase awareness among humanitarian actors of IDPs as a valuable resource in emergency operations; and to identify resource materials for humanitarian field workers to support self-help activities
This book explores the use of different communication tools and information management strategies in rural settings in Africa by looking at individual case studies, with special reference to the agricultural sector
This paper provides an overview of Inclusion International’s priorities in the following areas: education, poverty reduction, children's rights, maternal and infant health care, ethical medical research and human rights. It provides a realistic snapshot of the current situation facing people with disabilities. Inclusion International’s millennium development goals (MDGs) mirror those of the UN to link efforts and achieve results for people with intellectual disabilities and their families. Inclusion International’s MDGs provide an agenda for inclusive policy and programming in education, maternal and child health, poverty reduction, human rights, gender equality, HIV/AIDS and global partnership which is substantiated by clear targets that they are committed to working towards by the year 2015
This directory features World Bank lending and non-lending programs that target children in the 0-8 age group. It describes Early Childhood Development (ECD) projects and project components and includes economic and sector work and capacity building initiatves. It aims to comprehensively document the World Bank's early years intervention programs and to provide lessons for future ECD projects. ECD programs in Africa are characterised by a high degree of community involvement and civil society participation, including NGOs. Implementation strategies combine key government sectors and programs at central, regional and district levels, and work with non-traditional implementers of World Bank projects such as international and national NGOs and foundations
A model chapter on Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) for textbooks covering the basics of IMCI and the management of infants and children up to five years old. It was created to help authors and editors incorporate the content of IMCI into local and international textbooks and reference books. Before incorporating the chapter into local textbooks, writers should first make the content of the model chapter consistent with the nationally adapted IMCI clinical guidelines. In addition to assisting the revision of textbooks, the model chapter may be used to orient key persons to the IMCI strategy and clinical guidelines
This conference focussed on the impact of the global economy on violent conflict and efforts at achieving peace, and the response of civil society at local, regional and international levels. The conference discussed whether globalisation is a new phenomenon, what the implications of globalisation for the dynamics of war and peace are; who the main actors in initiating, prolonging and resolving interstate conflicts are; the extent to which the 'greed versus grievance' framework helps us to understand the motivations of the actors; what other tools are available to help us understand conflict; and what the implications for constructing appropriate policy and programme responses to conflict are. Pages 35-36 (Richard Graham on donor-NGO relations, and pages 42-43 (final evaluation) are particularly useful
Health sector reforms that many countries around the world are undertaking have goals of improving equity, access, quality, efficiency, and/or financial sustainability of their health systems. This primer proposes a framework for policy-makers in developing countries to use when they consider equity issues in the context of health sector reform initiatives and goals. It summarises key service delivery and financing decisions in the design and implementation of programmes to address equity, while paying attention to cost-effective approaches and the need to adapt equity policies to specific country circumstances. The primer also identifies indicators that might be used to monitor progress in equity and highlights lessons learned from real world experiences
An analysis of the most cost effective way of providing care for orphaned children in South Africa. It examines six models of care ranging from formal children's homes to community-based structures. The paper is part of a combined study, the other part of which looks at the quality of different types of orphan care and their associated costs. There is initially a detailed look at the various categories of care followed by an outline of the method used to evaluate cost. Six case studies are examined and conclusions and recommendations are made as a result of evaluation
The declaration notes the scale of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, which constitutes a global emergency, and reaffirms previous commitments on HIV/AIDS made through other declarations. It stresses the need for strong leadership at all levels of society as essential for an effective response. It also suggests that prevention is the mainstay of the response, with care, support and treatment as fundamental elements. The realisation of human rights and fundamental freedoms for all is declared necessary to reduce vulnerability to HIV/AIDS. Empowering people, especially women, is essential to reducing vulnerability. Children and children orphaned by AIDS are also mentioned. Investing in sustainable development and national poverty alleviation strategies to address the impact is vital, as is research and development
This article delivers details on the Working Group on Early Childhood Development (WGECD) as one of the most recent working groups of the Association for the Development of Education in Africa (ADEA). It describes its activities and the policy studies project which provides information to African governments about ECD policies that have been developed in Africa. It also takes a look at ECD and HIV/AIDS and the role of WGECD and UNICEF
This collection of essays debates the definition of social capital, broadly understood as the the effect social networks and shared attitudes can have on economic performance, and asks how the concept can be applied to development policy and analysis. Among the questions debated are how do social capital theories help broaden thinking about development?; what impact do informal social networks have on the state and other formal organisations?; and what role does trust play within large organizations? This book is of interest to people seeking a better understanding of social capital and its impact on development efforts
This handbook is part of the UNESCO initiative on HIV and culture. It deals with building culturally appropriate information/education/communication (IEC) material and processes. It aims to tailor the content and pace of action to people's beliefs, value systems, capacity to mobilise, and to modify international and national strategies and policies, project design and field work accordingly. It gives a conceptual introduction to the issue and then presents the methodological research to be carried out (evaluation of the current activities, understanding, sensitising and mobilising cultural references and resources accordingly). It then identifies proposed target audiences and their specific characteristics. It concludes by proposing appropriate IEC models combining message elaboration and delivery
This handbook is the result of work across three continents and engages the ideas and skills of women and men from a variety of sectors including those from NGOs, scholars, political leaders and development practitioners. It is a tool adaptable to any community, designed to enhance women’s participation and leadership in various spheres of social interaction and decision-making. It is based on the concept that women need to be empowered if they are to achieve their rights, participate in building civil society, and help attain sustainable and equitable development. The handbook seeks to enable the reader to identify for herself and develop the best means to communicate, listen, build consensus, create shared meaning, and foster learning partnerships at work, at home, and in her community. There are twelve workshop sessions in the book, useful for facilitating leadership training sessions but also as a general resource for facilitating any type of meeting. The first part of the book is about ‘Developing the Self for Leadership’, the second concerns ‘Communicating with Others’ and the third is ‘Creating Learning Partnerships’. Appendices contain alternative culture-specific sessions, ideas for alternative lesson and exercise facilitation tactics, and strategies for enhancing communication among workshop participants
