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Trade matters : eliminating world poverty

DEPARTMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT (DFID)
October 2001

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A briefing pack on DFID's policy to international trade as a means of eliminating world poverty. Contains 12 background briefings. These 12 briefings are available as PDF files on the DFID website at www.dfid.gov.uk. Select 'Search this Site', and search for trade matters

Equal opportunities for all : promoting community-based rehabilitation (CBR) among urban poor populations. Initiating and sustaining CBR in urban slums and low-income groups

ASSOCIATION AMICI DI RAOUL FOLLEREAU (AIFO)
October 2001

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Most CBR experience has come from rural areas in developing countries. However, even in large cities specific population groups - such as people living in slums or low-income areas in the urban peripheries - may face difficulties in accessing rehabilitation services. To address this, the World Health Organization set up a number of pilot consultations and projects in seven countries (Indonesia, India, the Philippines, Brazil, Bolivia, Egypt and Kenya) in 1995. This document gives a report of a final meeting of representatives of these pilot projects.

School readiness : helping communities to get children ready for school and schools ready for children

October 2001

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This is a brief introduction to the concept of school readiness with a focus on the US. It presents a framework for community involvement in supporting children's transition to school, based on an 'ecological' view of child development. A variety of factors relating to the child development are considered and explored, including the different roles played by the child's family, early childhood care and education, schools, neighborhood, and the wider society

The experience of self-care groups with people : ALERT, Ethiopia

BENBOW, Catherine
TAMIRU, Teferra
September 2001

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This paper describes the development of self-care groups in Ethiopia by ALERT, and the successes and failures experienced in the process. The groups were started in 1995 in response to two main problems, the increasing number of people dependent on ALERT to heal their wounds despite years of health education, and the limited financial resources of ALERT for wound healing supplies
Leprosy Review, Vol 72, Issue 3

An intensive self care training programme reduces admissions for the treatment of plantar ulcers

CROSS, Hugh
NEWCOMBE, Lesley
September 2001

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"This paper describes, in detail, an intensive 14 day Self Care Training Programme that is conducted at Lalgadh Leprosy Services Centre in Nepal. An evaluation of the programme was undertaken in which hospital admission for infected plantar ulceration was the outcome measure. This paper presents an overview of the issues related to impairment, a description of the Self Care Training Programme, an analysis of the evaluation results and a discussion of the findings"
Leprosy Review, Vol 72, Issue 3

The outcomes of teenage motherhood in Europe

BERTHOUD, Richard
ROBSON, Karen
July 2001

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This paper analyses the current positions of women whose first child was born when they were teenagers, across 13 countries in the European Union. Outcomes considered include educational attainment, family structure, family employment and household income. Teenage mothers were disadvantaged in all countries, but the severity of their position varied substantially between countries

A participatory approach in practice : understanding fieldworkers' use of participation rural appraisal in ActionAid The Gambia

HOLMES, Tim
June 2001

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This paper uses a case study to argue that participatory approaches emerge from a complex process of negotiation where fieldworkers are subject to unique combinations of competing influences from the organisations they work for, the communities they work with, and their own personal characteristics. It suggests that fieldworkers can actively pursue personal agendas and can also be involved in changing the structures that condition their actions. However, the paper concludes that elements of the organisational structure can leave little room for fieldworkers to use their agency positively, and that managers need to address this in order to reduce the gap between the policy and practice of participatory approaches

Understanding community approaches to handicap in development (CAHD)

KREFTING, Douglas
March 2001

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This document, part of the Handicap and Development Collection, introduces an expanded concept of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) called CAHD (community approaches to handicap in development). It is aimed at CBR planners, policy-makers and managers. CAHD aims to develop two-way relationships within communities to change attitudes so that community practices will include disabled persons and provide them with services and assistance

Expanding and strengthening community action : a study of ways to scale up community mobilization interventions to mitigate the effect of HIV/AIDS on children and families

PHIRI, Stanley Ngalazu
FOSTER, Geoff
NZIMA, Masauso
March 2001

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The purpose of this study is to make a series of recommendations on how to scale up effective, sustainable community mobilization and capacity-building interventions to mitigate the effects of AIDS on children and families in the countries most seriously affected by the pandemic. Recommendations for change are made in two main areas: programmatic methods and approaches; and global, regional, and national efforts to develop and implement effective strategies. The overall conclusion is that to maximize expansion of programming and to keep it effective, it is important that scaling-up programmes support existing scaling-out activities of implementers and promote and build on community-owned initiatives

Lessons from malaria control activities in urban West Africa using a research-action-capacity building approach

FELBER, G
OTHINGUE, N
YEMADJI, N
et al
February 2001

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In the South, urban environmental and social management is often based on top-down approaches which use technologies and strategies not corresponding to the demands of the inhabitants and to their social, economic and ecological realities. This paper discusses how a community-based approach - Research Action Capacity Building (RAC) - can be valuable for malaria control and more specifically for the dissemination of insecticide treated bednets. Taking a bednet project in NDjamena, capital of Chad, as an example, the article investigates the potential and the limitations of this approach for mobilising and strengthening sustainable activities and capacity building at community level

Measuring social capital : towards a theoretically informed measurement framework for researching social capacity in family and community life

STONE, Wendy
February 2001

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This paper is based on a study carried out in Australia to develop a measurement framework for social capital. It considers relations such as families, neighbours and friends, group and non-group relations, and work associations; and trust and relationship are examined. The study ends with principles for measuring social capital

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