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Coming together, caring together : a report on the Communities Responding to the HIV/AIDS Epidemic (CORE) Initiative, January 2001-June 2002

July 2002

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The CORE Initiative provides technical and financial assistance to community- and faith-based organisations working to increase advocacy, reduce stigma and discrimination, and improve care and support programs in developing countries. Support is provided through conferences, demonstration projects, empowerment grants, and an online resource center (www.coreinitiative.org). This report reviews some of the major activities completed and lessons learned during the first 18 months of the initiative

Delivering HIV treatment to the poor : report from an email discussion

July 2002

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Issue 2 of id21's Insights Health was entitled 'Delivering the goods - HIV treatment for the poor'. It presented new research from key contributors on anti-retroviral (ARV) drug delivery in developing countries. After it was published, a wide range of stakeholders participated in an email discussion. Participants were based in many different countries and included international and national policy-makers, health professionals, representatives of non-governmental and community based organizations and researchers. This is a summary of the email discussion looking at best strategies for HIV treatment delivery in developing countries, which barriers prevent poor people from accessing care, and the role of the international development community. The debate covered a broad range of topics but particularly focused on HIV treatment as a priority relative to other health and development issues, strategies for delivering treatment in resource-poor settings, the role and operation of the new Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and malaria and stigma as a barrier to access

Dying for change : poor people's experience of health and ill-health

DODD, Rebecca
MUNCK, Lise
2002

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Drawing on the accounts from the World banks ‘Voices of the Poor’ this booklet looks at the intimate link between health and poverty and the need for health to be central to attempts at poverty reduction. Three key lessons are: [1] People view and value their health in a holistic sense, as a balance of physical, psychological and community well-being, consistent with the WHO view of health as ‘a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. [2] People overwhelmingly link disease and ill-health to poverty, while poverty is also seen in terms of instability, worry, shame, sickness, humiliation and powerless-ness. [3] Health is valued not only in its own right, but because it is crucial to economic survival. Other lessons include: the fact that ‘poor people’ are not homogenous and in particular women and men, and the young and old, experience poverty and ill-health quite differently. Gender differences include the fact that men access and are seen as more entitled to formal health care, while women more often draw on traditional and alternative health services or defer their own treatment. Attitudes of health staff often appalling. Humiliating treatment by health personnel who treat people as ‘worse than dogs’ was a common experience and barrier to getting treatment. Access to health facilities, rarely built in poor areas, and often too costly to access are a problem. WHO concludes that "there can be no real progress on poverty reduction, or improvement in health outcomes, unless economic and social inequities are tackled"

Positive women : voices and choices. Zimbabwe report

FELDMAN, Rayah
MANCHESTER, Jo
MAPOSHERE, Caroline
2002

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This report is from a project led by HIV positive women, to explore the impact of HIV on their sexual behaviour, well-being, and reproductive rights, and to promote improvements in policy and practice. The report demonstrates that HIV positive women continue to have sexual feelings and enjoy sexual relationships after HIV diagnosis. Some had a strong desire to become mothers when they did not already have children at the time of diagnosis. The study also showed that most women had little or no knowledge of HIV transmission or risk before diagnosis. Most did not recieve adequate pre-test counselling and had encountered stigma from health care workers. A major achievement of the project was that the research process empowered the team leaders who carried out the project. All were women living with HIV and were elected from HIV support groups in Zimbabwe

HIV/AIDS- related stigma and discrimination: a conceptual framework and an agenda for action

PARKER, Richard
et al
2002

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This paper argues the need for a new way of thinking about stigma and discrimination that acknowledges the processes that cause it and addresses them. It suggests a conceptual framework in which stigma and discrimination are seen as social processes designed to produce and reproduce inequalities and maintain social control, rather than as individual actions. It argues that under this framework there is a need for new approaches to research and for programme developments and interventions that engage societies, communities and people who experience stigma and discrimination, while also acknowledging that this needs to be accompanied by laws and policies that protect the rights of people living with HIV and those affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic

Sex, disability and motherhood : access to sexuality for disabled mothers

O’TOOLE, Corbett Joan
2002

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There is limited research into the sexual lives of mothers, particularly mothers with disabilities. This article examines the barriers to sexuality facing mothers with disabilities. These barriers include: stereotypes that disabled mothers are not sexual, lack of resources for essential aspects of parenting, and difficulty in creating time for personal and private adult activities. Recommendations are presented based on the experiences of disabled mothers.

Human rights of persons with intellectual disability : country report Czech Republic

SISKA, Jan
January 2002

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This country report is one of the main outcomes of an Inclusion Europe project which was conducted in partnership with 8 local organisations of people with intellectual disability. Each chapter in the report describes the legislation, government policy, statistical info, views of NGOs and reactions of persons with intellectual disability and their parents on the subjects. The report also looks at the situation surrounding : awareness of the general public, employment, treatment and residential institutions

Learning from what young people say... about sex, relationships and health

WARWICK, Ian
AGGLETON, Peter
December 2001

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Finding out what young people think helps to ensure that programmes and policies are more likely to meet their needs. The guide (developed to sit alongside the Dynamic Contextual Analysis resource) aims to support policy makers, programme planners and practitioners to find out more about young people's ideas, beliefs and feelings about sex, relationships and health. This toolkit sets out how to involve young people and other partners in this process, suggests ways to collect information, analyse it, and present it in a way that is likely to influence programmes and policy

Sociocultural influences on disability status in Puerto Rican children

GANOTTI, Mary E
HANDWERKER, W Penn
GROCE, Nora Ellen
CRUZ, Cynthia
September 2001

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This article describes culturally defined meanings of childhood function and disability in Puerto Rico to provide a context for the interpretation of test scores from the Spanish translation of the Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI). More than 600 Puerto Rican teachers, parents and caregivers of children with and without disabilities, and members of the general community participated in ethnographic interviews, which were designed to describe their beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge about childhood function and disability

Counselling guidelines on survival skills for people living with HIV

SOUTHERN AFRICAN AIDS TRAINING PROGRAMME (SAT)
2001

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This booklet advises counsellors on how to discuss survival skills with clients considering an HIV test and those living with HIV. Knowledge of suvival skills helps people accept a positive result, and following the positive living practices described helps people living with HIV to stay healthy. The booklet also addresses the counsellor's self-awareness and potential biases, and support services for counsellors

A survey of teenagers in Nepal for life skills development and HIV/AIDS prevention : April 2001

UNITED NATIONS CHILDREN'S FUND (UNICEF). Nepal Country Office
2001

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The report focuses on life skills by looking at teenagers' psycho-social competence, self- awareness, communication and interpersonal relationships, decision making and problem solving. It also attempt to find out how much teenagers know about HIV/AIDS, their attitude towards premarital sex, sexual behaviour and their preferred way to learn about sex

Partnering : a new approach to sexual and reproductive health

COHEN, Sylvie
BURGER, Michèle
December 2000

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This report puts forward a gender perspective in sexual and reproductive health, and on finding constructive ways to build partnership between men and women. One way of achieving this is through a better understanding of manhood. The report provides an overview of current theoretical and operational knowledge; it proposes programme directions, suggests programme indicators, discusses programming considerations, and informs about innovative approaches used in gender-sensitive reproductive health services and in communication interventions that aim to build partnerships with men. It provides both the rationale for comprehensive and more complex strategies and illustrates recent government, NGO and private sector initiatives. It also underlines the importance of using gender tools on a continuing basis to evaluate service and communication programmes.

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