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Participatory Hygiene and Sanitation Transformation (PHAST) is designed to promote hygiene behaviours, sanitation improvements and community management of water and sanitation facilities using specifically developed participatory techniques. This document describes the underlying principles of the approach, the development of the specific participatory tools, and the results of field tests in four African countries. It documents: the principles which underlie the approach; how the methodology was developed at workshops in the African region; the impact that PHAST made on communities and extension workers that were part of the field test; the lessons learned during the field test; and how the approach can be adopted more widely

This guide describes community-based rehabilitation (CBR) activities as managed by the health care sector. In countries where another sector has responsibility for CBR, the Ministry of Health manages only the rehabilitation services that are part of the health sector, though it may also participates in inter-sectoral CBR activities. The information in this guide is intended for use by rehabilitation management personnel in both of these situations. It is a must for planners of CBR projects. 'Mid-level rehabilitation workers' and their training are also mentioned

A detailed, illustrated history of the work of the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean over the past four decades. Drawing upon a wide range of published and unpublished sources, the book tells the story of successes and failures, changing patterns of disease and evolving health strategies in a part of the world undergoing rapid development. The book marks the first time that the history of international health work in this area has been fully recorded and interpreted. The book contains 28 chapters presented in three main parts. The first traces the history and evolution of WHO and EMRO, moving from the origins of international health cooperation to the challenges and priorities that characterized health work during the 1980s. Highlights include lessons learned from vertical programmes for the control of communicable diseases, the eradication of smallpox, and the introduction of the health for all doctrine. Chapters in the second part concentrate on the special health problems of Eastern Mediterranean countries. These range from the plight of the Palestinian refugees to health regulations governing the Mecca pilgrimage. Other topics include the special problem of traditional practices that harm women and children, efforts to combat prejudice against the mentally ill, and the new health problems created by changing lifestyles. The final part explains how the Regional Office operates, in partnership with a vast number of individuals and institutions, to provide expertise, promote biomedical research, combat health problems, encourage healthy behaviour, and contribute to the global work of WHO