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Perceptions of sexual behaviour and knowledge about sexually transmitted diseases among adolescents in Benin City, Nigeria

TEMIN, Miriam
et al
December 1999

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Article describing research into adolescents' perceptions of sexual behaviour among their peers, their knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and their preferred means of preventing and treating STDs. It identifies methods that would be helpful in reducing high-risk sexual behaviour and controlling the spread of STDs among young people in Nigeria. These methods incude media campaigns focused on adolescents, educating parents about reproductive health and communication with adolescents, and establishing and training health providers in low-cost diagnosis and treatment techniques

Mapping the contours of effective programming : The Effectiveness Initiative 1999-2002 [whole issue]

October 1999

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This edition is about trying two share two new things: first, sharing a process that Bernard van Leer are currently engaged in, as it is happening, in the hope that this, in turn, will encourage readers to react and contribute toward the further formation of the Effectiveness Initiative (EI). Second, presents material in a special edition of ECM with the Coordinator's Notebook (CN). In recognition of the collaboration and dialogue built into the EI, decision was taken to join forces in this initial publication to reach out to both the Early Childhood Matters and Coordinators' Notebook audiences

Agricultural information sources

CARTER, Isabel
September 1999

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The research explored information sources used and preferred by grassroots farmers. Agriculture was selected because there is even less printed material available for farmers than, for example, for health workers. There was a particular interest in discovering the views of farmers about their access to and use of printed information. This is a summary of DFID Education Research paper no 31 (see related record)

Utilization-focused evaluation in Africa

QUINN PATTON, Michael
September 1999

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This training document contains a series of lectures on utilization-focused evaluation. This approach assumes that the value of an evaluation rests not simply on the quality of its findings but also on an adequate utilization of the review process and its results. Good evaluations have the effect of building capacity, ensuring proper use of evaluation process and findings, and not merely producing reports. At every stage of the evaluation process, from design to data collection, analysis and report writing, the evaluators need to be aware of the intended use by intended users. This is a useful resource for those wishing to explore alternative approaches to evaluation, and willing to maximise the impact and benefits of monitoring and evaluation activities

The policy process : an overview

SUTTON, Rebecca
August 1999

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The paper offers an introduction to analysis of the policy process. It identifies and describes theoretical approaches in political science, sociology, anthropology, international relations and management. It then reviews five cross-cutting themes: a) the dichotomy between policy-making and implementation; b) the management of change, c) the role of interest groups in the policy process; d) ownership of the policy process; and e) the narrowing of policy alternatives. The paper concludes with a 21-point check-list of 'what makes policy happen'. A glossary of key terms is also provided. The key argument of the paper is that a 'linear model' of policy-making, characterised by objective analysis of options and separation of policy from implementation, is inadequate. Instead, policy and policy implementation are best understood as a 'chaos of purposes and accidents'. A combination of concepts and tools from different disciplines can be deployed to put some order into the chaos, including policy narratives, policy communities, discourse analysis, regime theory, change management, and the role of street-level bureaucrats in implementation

The role of international organisations and non-governmental organisations in information support for agricultural policy formulation in Kenya : study report

OWINO, Frederick
June 1999

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Describes the roles of NGOs and international organisations in supporting the production, communication and use of information for agricultural policy formulation in Kenya. Identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the current process, and ends with proposals for the future, to support the links between research and analysis, and among farmers, researchers and decision makers

Malaria prevention : lessons learned

WIJEYARATNE, Panduka
ARATA, Andrew
May 1999

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A brief but insightful report on lessons learned in malaria prevention. These are carefully explained and expanded in the text and include points such as the impact of urbanisation in Africa on malaria epidemiology; the need for simple, rapid but scientifically sound methods for assssing transmission; the role of risk area mapping in surveillance and project planning; and the need for careful operational research prior to implementing Insecticide Treated Net (ITN) programmes

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