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Maternal mortality in 2005 : estimates developed by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, and the World Bank

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
et al
2007

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This report attempts to develop an estimate of international maternal mortality. A lack of reliable maternal mortality data has made it difficult to assess the extent of progress towards Millennium Development Goal 5. The report concludes that maternal mortality has decreased at an average of less than 1per cent annually between 1990 and 2005, far below the 5.5 per cent annual decline necessary to achieve the fifth Millennium Development Goal of reducing the maternal mortality ratio by three quarters between 1990 and 2015. Three previous attempts to estimate maternal mortality were made in 1990, 1995 and 2000

Community-based management of severe acute malnutrition : a joint statement by the World Health Organization, the World Food Programme, the United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition and the United Nations Children's Fund

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
et al
2007

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This statement advocates a community-based approach to the management of severe malnutrition, combined with a facility-based approach for those malnourished children with medical complications. It outlines actions that countries can take and suggests how WHO, WFP, SCN, UNICEF and other partners can support these actions

HIV and infant feeding : new evidence and programmatic experience

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
et al
2007

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This report aims to clarify and refine existing UN guidance on HIV and infant feeding. It follows a previous technical consultation in 2000 and presents a summary of findings, conclusions and recommendations regarding HIV and Infant Feeding between 2000 and 2006

Focus on pricing policies : EMRO ministers confront high prices

HEALTH ACTION INTERNATIONAL (HAI)
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
2007

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The focus of this edition of HAI and WHO's bulletin for medicines prices surveys is a meeting of the regional committee of the WHO's Eastern Mediterranean region (EMRO) at which the results of 11 medicines pricing surveys carried out in the region were compared and discussed and it was decided to share information regionally

Community health workers : what do we know about them?|The state of the evidence on programmes, activities, costs and impact on health outcomes of using community health workers

LEHMANN, Uta
SANDERS, David
January 2007

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"This review paper revisits questions regarding the feasibility and effectiveness of community health worker programmes. It was commissioned by the World Health Organization as a follow-up to the 'World health report 2006: working together for health', which identified as a research priority the feasibility of successfully engaging community health workers. This review aims to assess the presently existing evidence. It constitutes a desktop review, very broad in scope, as is evident from the title, which draws together and assesses the evidence as it can be found in the published and selected grey literature since the late 1970s"

Sound choices : enhancing capacity for evidence-informed health policy

GREEN, Andrew
BENNETT, Sara
2007

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This review addresses a mismatch between what is known about how to respond to particular health problems in poor economies and what is actually done about them. It focuses on one cause of the problems that ensue from the mismatch -capacity constraints. Weak capacity at a number of levels in the institutions and interfaces between knowledge generation and use in policy-making has been identified by the Alliance for Health Policy and Systems Research (HPSR) as a key strategic issue in addressing health care in low-income countries

Atlas : global resources for persons with intellectual disabilities

SAXENA, Shekhar
et al
2007

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This report provides detailed information about the resources and services for people with intellectual disabilities based upon a study of 147 countries. The methods of the study, themes of the findings and recommendations for the future are given, as well as detailed tables, figures and maps. Intellectual disability is one of the most vulnerable groups among disability categories. This study would be useful for people seeking information about intellectual disabilities worldwide

Report on the 4th meeting of the development of CBR guidelines

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
2007

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This report finalises each chapter of the first draft of the CBR Guidelines and decides on the layout, printing and production. Furthermore, the report addresses the dissemination strategy, fundraising strategy and the possibility to develop training packages for practitioners and design a future plan of action. This document is useful for people interested in CBR and the development of the CBR Guidelines

Monitoring and evaluation of mental health policies and plans : mental health policy and service guidance package

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
2007

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"This module examines key aspects of monitoring and evaluation as they relate to a mental health policy and plan, including how to monitor a plan and the different ways to evaluate a policy and plan. It presents a five-step process for conducting evaluations and explains how results of an evaluation can be utilized to improve policies and plans. The module then provides a detailed case study of a policy and plan of a hypothetical country. It describes various ways that evaluation can be used over a period of time to assess and influence policy and the plan that arises from it, including the practical steps involved in policy evaluation and the policy decisions that can be made on the basis of monitoring and evaluations"
This module is part of the WHO Mental Health Policy and Service Guidance Package. The package consists of a series of interrelated user-friendly modules designed to address the wide variety of needs and priorities in policy development and service planning. Each module addresses a core aspect of mental health

Multi-country regional pooled procurement of medicines|Identifying key principles for enabling regional pooled procurement and a framework for inter-regional collaboration in the African, Caribbean and Pacific Island Countries

TECHNICAL COOPERATION FOR ESSENTIAL DRUGS AND TRADITIONAL MEDICINE, WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION (WHO)
2007

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This is the report of the Department of Technical Cooperation for Essential Drugs and Traditional Medicine, WHO meeting which provided a forum for sharing experiences from the ongoing regional and global pooled procurement programmes and explored priority areas for inter-regional collaboration. The meeting brought together experts from various regional and global initiatives, representatives of sub-regional economic groups and development partners interested in pooled procurement and was organised to include plenary presentations on lessons learnt, i.e. strategies, achievements and constraints, and group work and discussions on the key principles of effective pooled procurement

Ethical infrastructure for good governance in the public pharmaceutical sector

ANELLO, Eloy
November 2006

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This paper focuses on the values approach for promoting ethical practices in the governance and management of pharmaceuticals within ministries of health. It recognises the need to coordinate and integrate such endeavours with existing legislative efforts to establish a legal framework and ethical infrastructure that adequately address the problem of corruption within the context of each country. The paper is a working draft for field testing and revision

Danger signs of neonatal illnesses : perceptions of caregivers and health workers in northern India

AWASTHI, Shally
VERMA, Tuhina
AGARWAL, Monica
October 2006

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This article explores the "household practices that can affect neonatal health, from the perspective of caregivers and health workers; to identify signs in neonates leading either to recognition of illness or health-care seeking; and to ascertain the proportion of caregivers who recognize the individual items of the integrated management of neonatal and childhood illnesses (IMNCI) programme"
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 84(10)

IMCI : what can we learn from an innovation that didn’t reach the poor?

GWARTKIN, Davidson
October 2006

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In this editorial, the author comments on the feasibility of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy of the World Health Organization aimed at serving the poor. He analyses the reasons behind the failure of IMCI strategy to reach the poor. According to the author, IMCI failed due to several faults in its implementation including its initiation in well-off areas, a horizontal approach, and bad financial infrastructure of the poor regions
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 84(10)

Human rights and essential medicines : what can they learn from each other?

HOGERZEIL, Hans V.
May 2006

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"This paper provides a brief overview of what the international human rights instruments mention about access to essential medicines, and proposes five assessment questions and practical recommendations for governments. These recommendations cover the selection of essential medicines, participation in programme development, mechanisms for transparency and accountability, equitable access by vulnerable groups, and redress mechanisms"

Handbook of supply management at first-level health care facilities : 1st version for country adaptation

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
2006

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This guide describes all major medicines and supply management tasks, known as the standard procedures of medicines supply management at first level health care facilities. Each chapter covers one major task, explains how the task fits into the process of maintaining a consistent supply of medicines, and recommends which standard procedures to use. Annexes contain various checklists and examples of forms which can be introduced at health care facilities as needed

eHealth tools and services : needs of the member states. Report of the WHO Global Observatory for eHealth

WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO) GLOBAL OBSERVATORY FOR EHEALTH
2006

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This is a report on some of the findings of a global survey on eHealth carried out by the Global Observatory for eHealth (GOe), concerning the needs for eHealth tools and services. The survey found that WHO Member States would welcome an active involvement of WHO in the development of generic eHealth tools, while particularly non-OECD members would benefit form guidance on eHealth issues. It also found that needs vary even among OECD countries, and that existing eHealth tools and services should be better known. The report recommends that WHO should actively intervene in the provision of generic tools (eg, drug registries, patient record systems, health professional directories), facilitate access to existing tools, promote knowledge exchange, provide eHealth information and promote eLearning programmes

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